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Brain-to-Language Decoding: Tasks, Signals, Methods, Evaluation, Practical Use and Beyond

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 23, 2026 · UTC

Brain-to-language decoding translates neural activity associated with language production, internal speech and perception into linguistic or expressive outputs. It offers a route to restoring communication after speech loss and a means of studying how the brain represents language. Advances in neural recording and representation learning have expanded the field from constrained recognition and acoustic reconstruction to text generation, streaming personalised speech and facial animation. This survey synthesises these developments across invasive and non-invasive measurements, drawing on a sear

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