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On the Lexical Superstition of Large Language Models for Code Comprehension: Re-evaluation on Code of Low Lexical Quality

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 22, 2026 · UTC

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made them widely used for code-related tasks. Identifier names are statistically informative in naturally occurring code, but their information is not always reliable. We investigate whether current LLMs assign disproportionate weight to lexical cues when renaming preserves program structure. We introduce Face/Off, a semantics-preserving identifier-renaming framework, and evaluate progressive naming conditions across multiple models and code-comprehension tasks. Within this framework, lexical overemphasis is pervasive across the evaluated mo

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-23T04:11:12.117Z. This is not the publication date.