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INTCORT: Training-Free Spatial Reasoning Enhancement for Vision-Language Models via Input Transformations and Confidence Routing

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 21, 2026 · UTC

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal tasks, yet they still exhibit poor ability in spatial reasoning. Existing training-dependent and training-free enhancement methods suffer from high computational costs with catastrophic forgetting and internal mechanism interference that compromises general capabilities, respectively. In this work, we first verify two key hypotheses: appropriate geometric image transformation and query-reversal transformation can recover incorrect spatial predictions, and correct predictions exhibit higher relation-token conf

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-23T06:11:12.848Z. This is not the publication date.