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Can LLMs Discover Scientific Laws in Real and Parallel Worlds?

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 1, 2026 · UTC

Scientific equation discovery has long been central to scientific progress, proceeding through iterative cycles of hypothesis generation, observational testing, and refinement under scientific constraints. As LLM capabilities advance and their role in AI for Science expands, it remains an open problem whether they can genuinely discover scientific laws and how this ability should be evaluated. Existing evaluations, however, often either simplify discovery through synthetic settings or reuse published targets that may already be familiar to LLMs. We therefore introduce SCILAWS-BENCH, a benchmar

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-21T06:01:56.170Z. This is not the publication date.