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Uncertainty-Aware 3D Residual Wavelet Diffusion for Ultra Low-Field MRI Super-Resolution

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 21, 2026 · UTC

Ultra low-field MRI expands global access to neuroimaging but produces scans with low signal-to-noise ratio, reduced contrast, and thick slices. While regression-based super-resolution can recover anatomical detail for segmentation, it returns a single deterministic estimate that gives no indication of regions where the low-field input leaves anatomy underdetermined. Generative diffusion models offer an alternative by sampling the posterior distribution of plausible high-field images, quantifying this anatomical ambiguity. However, applying them to 3D whole-brain MRI is restricted by memory bo

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