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MAC-I$^2$: Learned Metrics-Aware Covariance for Robust Visual-Inertial Fusion in Initialization and Calibration

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 7, 2026 · UTC

Visual-Inertial (VI) fusion is fundamental to accurate and robust state estimation, where camera and IMU measurements are combined according to their respective uncertainties. Existing methods, however, fuse the two modalities with predefined uncertainties, regardless of how reliable each is in the local context, and thus often struggle under challenging environments involving illumination changes, dynamic objects, and textureless regions. In this paper, we present MAC-I$^2$, which achieves robust VI fusion through learned metric-aware covariance for both modalities, so that vision and IMU com

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First collected: 2026-09-20T20:52:10.320Z. This is not the publication date.