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CIPHER: Benchmarking Cross-record Inference over Privacy-Hardened Evidence Records

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 7, 2026 · UTC

Reasoning over privacy-constrained records requires combining structured attributes with evidence from free-text narratives. We introduce CIPHER (Cross-record Inference over Privacy-Hardened Evidence Records), a benchmark of expert-validated questions from consumer-finance, clinical, and law-enforcement records. The questions cover common tabular operations and include executable SQL supervision. We evaluate retrieval, prompting, table-specialist, and hybrid symbolic-neural systems under native redaction and surrogate-based evidence restoration. All system families exhibit substantial failures

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