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Apollo Restore: A Foundation LLM for Historical Greek Optimized for Fill-in-the-Middle Restoration of Ancient Greek Texts

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 18, 2026 · UTC

We present Apollo Restore, a 24-billion-parameter large language model for restoring lacunae---physical gaps---in fragmentary Ancient Greek texts. Fine-tuned from Mistral Small with a fill-in-the-middle objective, Apollo Restore reconstructs missing spans without requiring oracle knowledge of their length. To our knowledge, it is the first large-scale decoder model for historical Greek, and the first for any ancient Mediterranean language. Evaluated as in prior work, on short gaps of up to ten characters, Apollo Restore places the correct restoration among its top twenty candidates for 80.6%/5

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