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Homo-RAG: Homology-Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Cross-Species Gene Function Prediction

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 26, 2026 · UTC

The functional annotation of genes in non-model organisms remains a significant challenge in computational biology, with 20-70% of sequenced genes lacking characterized functions. Traditional homology-based methods are often costly and strongly dependent on high sequence similarity. This study presents Homo-RAG, a framework for large language model-based gene function prediction that integrates homology-guided multi-hop retrieval with evidence-aware ranking. The framework exploits biological relationships between zebrafish and human orthologs to guide evidence acquisition from ZFIN, UniProt, a

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