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A Checklist to assess the energy and carbon impacts of ML/AI applications in Earth System Modeling

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 1, 2026 · UTC

As machine learning and artificial intelligence find their way into nearly every aspect of climate, weather, and Earth system modeling, it is worth pausing to consider what our design decisions imply for the science and for the computational resources we consume. A growing body of literature addresses the ethical and sustainable development of ML/AI, yet translating these principles into day-to-day research practice remains a challenge as most of best practices are dispersed across multiple studies and commentaries. Here, we distill these discussions into a practical checklist that ML/AI and E

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