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Score-Based Ideal Observer Approximation via Denoising Score Matching for Signal-Known-Exactly Detection Tasks

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 25, 2026 · UTC

The Bayesian Ideal Observer (IO) establishes the theoretical upper bound on task performance for binary detection tasks. However, analytical computation of the IO test statistic is generally intractable. Numerical approaches based on Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, including their recent deep generative model-based extensions, typically require extensive posterior sampling for each test image. Supervised learning has also been investigated to approximate the IO performance. However, such methods are typically trained for a specific detection task and signal and may require retraining

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