SOURCE-LINKED INTELLIGENCE

When Composition Doesn't Add Up: Humans Identifying Defects in AI-Generated Images

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 26, 2026 · UTC

*Chulin Zhao and Ruoqi Hu contributed equally to this work. State-of-the-art text-to-image (T2I) models exhibit pronounced and systematic defects when prompts involve intricate compositional factors such as multiple entities and multiple attributes. In this paper, we investigate how humans identify such defects. Specifically, we manually select 651 reference images from the four categories of people, hand, object, and scene that exhibit complex compositional characteristics, from which prompts emphasizing compositional factors are derived by manually editing ChatGPT-generated prompts. We then

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