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Privacy Washing: Detecting Internal Contradictions in Privacy Policies

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 2, 2026 · UTC

Privacy policies may contain internal contradictions in which commitments are undermined by practices documented elsewhere in the same policy. We operationalize this phenomenon, privacy washing, through a four-stage pipeline: statement extraction, compatibility filtering and natural language inference screening, multi-model judge verification, and thematic analysis, with contradictions confirmed by majority vote of a three-model LLM panel. Applied to two corpora of website privacy policies, 123 collected in 2026 (OPPT) and 115 collected in 2015 (OPP-115), the pipeline finds the same category p

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-21T05:51:54.566Z. This is not the publication date.