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LOCI: A Locator-Critic with Refinement Loop

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 31, 2026 · UTC

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) still struggle on tasks requiring complex visual understanding. We argue that the core issue is not high-level reasoning, but instead failing to locate critical details in the image. Due to this shortcoming, VLMs generate often plausible but incorrect reasoning based on flawed perceptual grounding. To address this, we propose Locator-Critic (LOCI), a training-free framework that decouples visual search from evidence verification. LOCI employs a Locator agent to propose candidate visual evidence and a separate Critic agent to evaluate its relevance and sufficiency.

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