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Same Values, Different Languages? From Multilingual Probing to Steering LLMs Toward Chinese Social Values

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 8, 2026 · UTC

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into human society, aligning them with pluralistic social values has become a critical priority. However, whether LLMs exhibit consistent value preferences across languages remains underexplored, particularly for culturally grounded values, which are more abstract and difficult to evaluate and align than safety-centric principles. We investigate this issue through Chinese Social Values (CSV), a value system rooted in Chinese culture and comprising $12$ dimensions across national, societal, and personal levels. We construct C-Voices, t

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