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MathAdv: What Theorem Provers Know, Reason, Formalize, and Generalize

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 26, 2026 · UTC

Formal theorem proving enables machine-verifiable evaluation of mathematical reasoning, yet existing benchmarks often emphasize aggregate proof accuracy, concentrate on a narrow range of mathematics, and provide limited evidence of robustness to equivalent reformulations. We introduce MathAdv, a diagnostic benchmark spanning 13 domains across undergraduate- and graduate-level mathematics. Alongside Lean 4 theorem proving, MathAdv provides up to three auxiliary tasks: multiple-choice questions that probe mathematical knowledge, fill-in-the-blank problems that isolate informal reasoning, and exp

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