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A Novel Semantic Manifold Alignment Attack against Embedding-to-Embedding Obfuscation in Privacy-Preserving LLMs

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 6, 2026 · UTC

With the widespread applications of large language models (LLMs), privacy-preserving inference has become increasingly essential for sensitive queries. To balance privacy and utility, a series of lightweight obfuscation approaches has recently been proposed, where users locally transform plaintext embeddings into the fixed ciphertext ones. While such Embedding-to-Embedding Obfuscation (E2EO) schemes demonstrate considerable resilience against traditional token frequency and embedding inversion attacks, the core mechanism behind remains to be the large-scale one-to-one substitution, which provi

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-20T21:12:06.801Z. This is not the publication date.