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Automatic weld seam segmentation for industrial quality control: a comparison of RGB and polarimetric imaging with CNN and transformer architectures

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 26, 2026 · UTC

Visual inspection of welded assemblies remains one of the least automated stages in many industrial production processes, still depending largely on the experience of human operators and thus subject to inter-operator variability; the manufacturing of special-purpose machinery cabins, the setting of this study, is one representative case. This work evaluates the feasibility of automatic weld seam segmentation from RGB and polarimetric imagery, comparing controlled laboratory acquisitions with images captured under real, uncontrolled conditions. Convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures

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