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Relative Discharge Stage (RDS) Classification: A Practical Indicator of Battery Discharge Progress
Accurate remaining discharge time (RDT) prediction is challenging in real-world battery applications because future load profiles are unknown and highly dynamic. To address the uncertainty of continuous RDT regression, this paper introduces Relative Discharge Stage (RDS), a battery-management indicator that represents the remaining discharge condition using five interpretable classes: Normal, Good, Moderate, Low, and Recharge Required. Unlike state of charge (SOC), which reflects the current charge level, RDS characterizes the remaining discharge process without requiring future-current inform
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Evidence & attribution
- arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · 2026-09-23T12:14:14.000Z
First collected: 2026-09-24T01:22:21.678Z. This is not the publication date.