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Protocol Compression Changes Which Party Pays: Bilateral Cost in Cross-Organization LLM Agent Communication

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 5, 2026 · UTC

Agents that talk across organizations exchange long messages billed by the token. A shorter notation therefore looks like a saving that costs nothing but an agreement to use it. Recent work reports the saving is conditional. Compressed notation can instead raise total tokens by 8% to 11% over a JSON baseline, when parsing failures force extra model calls. That is measured for one payer. Between two organizations neither side can install a decoder at the other end, and each pays under its own tokenizer, price, and cache state. We measure both sides. A preregistered token-level study covered 198

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-20T21:32:07.623Z. This is not the publication date.