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VIPER: An Expert-Curated Benchmark for Vision-Language Models in Veterinary Pathology

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 26, 2026 · UTC

Pathology vision-language models are advancing rapidly, yet existing benchmarks remain focused on human tissue, particularly oncology, leaving non-human pathology largely unaddressed. This gap is especially important in toxicologic pathology, where microscopic tissue examination of laboratory animals is a core component of preclinical drug safety assessment. To address it, we introduce VIPER, the first expert-curated benchmark for vision-language model evaluation in toxicologic pathology. VIPER contains 1,251 questions associated with 419 H&E-stained rat histology images across seven organ sys

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