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A Survey on the Linear Representation Hypothesis

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 19, 2026 · UTC

The term "linear representation hypothesis" (LRH) has appeared across diverse subfields of artificial intelligence, neuroscience, and cognitive science. But previous works have not consistently treated the LRH as a falsifiable scientific hypothesis; we analyze these inconsistencies and examine their implications for how prior theoretical and methodological results should be interpreted. Based on this analysis, we argue that claims regarding linear representations become well-defined only through careful examination of the model, representation location, feature definition, and evaluation datas

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