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Real-Time Atomic-Resolution Electron Phase Imaging without Probe Calibration via Ptychography-Supervised Learning

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 22, 2026 · UTC

Atomic-scale phase imaging is central to resolving defects, interfaces, and weakly scattering atoms that govern the behavior of nanoscale materials. Electron ptychography delivers sub-ångström phase sensitivity but remains an offline technique, because its iterative reconstruction is computationally expensive and sensitive to experimental calibration, preventing live use during data acquisition. Here, a ptychography-supervised local inference framework is presented that converts four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) into an acquisition-compatible phase-imaging wo

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